← Grammar bank

Formation: V-plain + 上に; い-adj + 上に; な-adj + な / である + 上に; N + である + 上に (N + の + 上に is possible but can be read literally)

〜上に adds a second fact to a first one, and both point the same way: two good points or two bad points (安い上においしい, 道に迷った上に雨が降ってきた). It is used in speech and writing, and it sounds a little more formal than 〜だけでなく. The main clause is normally a statement of fact or an evaluation, not a command, request or invitation. 〜ばかりか is stronger and often adds a surprising extreme ('not only… but even'), while 〜に加えて attaches only to nouns and is a neutral, formal 'in addition to'. Do not confuse it with 〜上で ('after doing / in doing') or 〜上は ('now that').

Variants: 上 (に omitted in writing: 安い上、品質もいい)、その上 (sentence connector)

Examples

• この店は安い上に、味もいい。
  This restaurant is cheap, and on top of that the food is good.
• 道に迷った上に、雨まで降ってきた。
  Not only did we get lost, but it started raining too.
• 彼女は優秀である上に、人柄もいい。
  She is not only highly capable but also a good person.

In real texts 0 occurrence(s)

No post has used this pattern yet. Examples from real texts will appear here.