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Formation: V-dictionary / V-た + 上は; こうなった上は (set phrase)

〜上は states a serious fact or commitment and then the resolve, duty or only course of action that follows from it. The main clause typically ends in 〜なければならない, 〜べきだ, 〜つもりだ, 〜しかない or a volitional form. It is stiff, formal and slightly old-fashioned, so it suits weighty contexts such as contracts, responsibilities and final decisions, and it rarely appears in casual talk. It is very close to 〜からには and 〜以上（は). からには is the most common in speech, 以上 also works for neutral logical reasoning, and 上は is the most solemn. It mainly follows verbs, whereas 以上 also takes Nである.

Variants: うえは、こうなった上は

Examples

• 引き受けた上は、最後まで責任を持ってやり遂げる。
  Now that I've taken this on, I will see it through responsibly to the end.
• こうなった上は、法的手段に訴えるしかない。
  Now that it has come to this, we have no choice but to take legal action.
• 契約を結んだ上は、条件を守らなければならない。
  Once you have signed a contract, you must honour its terms.

In real texts 0 occurrence(s)

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